Search results for "urogenital system"

Changes in the receptor profile of the lower urinary tract in the aging male

2004

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of th e most common effects of aging in men. Epidemiologists estimate that about one quarter of all men over 50 years of age suffer from BPH-derived voiding symptoms. Future demographic developments, with higher relative shares of older people, will increase the socioeconomic impact of this disease. Polder et al. (1994) calculated for the Netherlands that the treatment costs of BPH will double by 2035. Office visits for BPH related symptoms increased in the USA from 1.4 million in 1990 to 6 million in 1995, reflecting the increased public awareness of the problem and the increased desire for treatment (Kaplan et al. 1996).

History of Oral Mucosa

1998

Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis

2000

Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis. Background Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by systemic vasculitis with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and circulating autoantibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA). Proteinase 3 (PR-3), a neutral serine proteinase in neutrophils implicated in the growth control of myeloid cells, has been identified as the target antigen for ANCA in WG. Since the kidneys are frequently involved in WG, we studied the in situ expression of PR-3 by renal parenchymal cells. Methods We assessed the expression of PR-3 in kidney biopsies of 15 patien…

Locust neuropeptides stimulating sex pheromone production in female European corn borer moth, Ostrinia nubilalis

1990

Abstract The presence of a pheromonotropically active hormone (PBAN-like substance) from locust organs, ( Locusta migratoria ) has been demonstrated. Extracts of brain, corpora cardiaca, corpora allata, suboesophageal ganglia and thoracic ganglia of L. migratoria caused highly pheromonotropic responses in decapitated females of the European corn borer moth ( Ostrinia nubilalis ). The highest activity per unit weight of tissue was found in the corpora cardiaca and corpora allata of the locust followed by the brain plus suboesophageal ganglion of O. nubilalis . Following 8 days of disconnection, separating the corpora allata from the corpora cardiaca and suboesophageal ganglion, the pheromono…

The heparin-glutathione test: an alternative to the hypo-osmotic swelling test to select viable sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection

1998

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the heparin-glutathione test (HEGLUT) for the selection of viable sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Design: A prospective study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia and Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad. Patient(s): Semen samples from healthy donors and patients with infertility. Intervention(s): Sperm samples were kept in culture for different periods in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented or not supplemented with heparin, reduced glutathione (GSH), or a heparin-GSH mixture. Control and heparin-GSH–treated spermatozoa were injected into hamster oocytes. The HEGLUT and ICSI were performed. Main O…

Impairment of learning and memory performances induced by BPA Evidences from the literature of a MoA mediated through an ED

2018

International audience; Many rodent studies and a few non-human primate data report impairments of spatial and non-spatial memory induced by exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), which are associated with neural modifications, particularly in processes involved in synaptic plasticity. BPA-induced alterations involve disruption of the estrogenic pathway as established by reversal of BPA-induced effects with estrogenic receptor antagonist or by interference of BPA with administered estradiol in ovariectomized animals. Sex differences in hormonal impregnation during critical periods of development and their influence on maturation of learning and memory processes may explain the sexual dimorphism obs…

Induced hyperactivity in boar spermatozoa and its evaluation by computer-assisted sperm analysis.

2004

Hyperactivity, a form of sperm motility characterized by vigorous flagellar movements, has been proposed as essential for fertilization in mammals. The objective of the present study was to establish a method for inducing hyperactivityin vitroin boar spermatozoa and to define threshold values to differentiate between hyperactive and non-hyperactive spermatozoa by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) as a prerequisite for analyzing the energy metabolism during hyperactivity. In TALP-HEPES medium, non-frozen boar spermatozoa were stimulated to hyperactivity by 50 μmol l−1Ca2+within 15 min at 37 °C if 5 μmol l−1of the Ca2+ionophore A23187 was present. If 25% seminal plasma was present, boar…

Dietary antioxidant supplementation did not affect declining sperm function with age in the mouse but did increase head abnormalities and reduced spe…

1998

The present study aims to ascertain whether dietary administration of a mixture of vitamins C and E may prevent the negative effects of paternal age on male fertility variables in the mouse. Experimental males were fed a standard diet supplemented with either a low or high dose of vitamins C and E. Oocytes enclosed in cumulus masses were inseminated using a 2 x 2 factorial design established according to whether males were young (3-4 months of age) or aged (22-24 months of age) and whether they were fed a control or antioxidant diet. Aged males showed a significant decrease in number of spermatozoa/mg epididymis when compared to young males. Dietary supplementation with low doses of vitamin…

Antioxidants in ICSI

2013

Male factor infertility can be caused by reasons, either related or not with total sperm production. Among causes of male infertility in cases of normal sperm count and motility, oxidative stress is one of the most relevant processes influencing fertility in vivo or in assisted reproduction treatments’ results. This chapter provides the most updated information regarding the oxidative stress situation in sperm and the relevance of antioxidants use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection results.

Value of the sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation level, as measured by the sperm chromatin dispersion test, in the outcome of in vitro fertiliz…

2005

To determine the prognostic value of sperm DNA fragmentation levels, as measured by the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test, in predicting IVF and ICSI outcome.Double-blind prospective study.University-affiliated private IVF setting.A total of 85 couples undergoing infertility treatment with IVF/ICSI.Analysis of DNA fragmentation by the SCD test in 170 aliquots obtained from the ejaculate and from the processed semen used for assisted reproductive technologies (ART).Percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was statistically correlated with embryo quality and reproductive success.Fertilization rate was inversely correlated with DNA fragmentation (r = -0.245 P = .045). Higher DNA fragm…